唐珍收藏
拍品编号：0139
估价：GBP120,000—150,000
成交价：200,000
拍卖时间：2019-11-06 上午11:30
拍卖地点：伦敦
拍卖公司：伦敦蘇富比
简介：详情
A RARE AND FINELY CARVED CINNABAR LACQUER DISH
YONGLE MARK AND PERIOD
明永乐 剔红赏石图椭圆盘 《大明永乐年制》款
of oval shape, the shallow rounded sides with a lipped rim, finely carved to the centre through layers of deep red lacquer with two scholars beneath a wutong tree on a balustraded terrace contemplating a flowering plant issuing from a tall scholar’s rock in an ornate jardiniere, with a young attendant preparing tea inside a pavilion, framed by leafy trees and swaying bamboo, with cloud scrolls above rippling waves, the cavetto and the exterior decorated with an array of flowers including peonies, chrysanthemums, mallows, lotus and hibiscus flowers, the base lacquered black and incised with a six-character reign mark to the left side
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This piece belongs to a very rare group of lacquer dishes with incised Yongle reign marks, which effortlessly bridge the bold designs of the 14th century with the delicate carvings of the Ming period. This piece is particularly notable for the masterful and sensitive execution of the scene: the two gentlemen are depicted conversing, their gestures and facial expressions convincingly expressing their ease, while an attendant sits in a pavilion, his arms crossed while he awaits for the right moment to serve tea. A vigorously carved composite floral scroll sets the scene, while delicately incised geometric patterns, which define the sky, water and ground, highlight the figures and their movements.
Dishes of this type commanded imperial sponsorship or patronage, as they were extremely costly and time-consuming to produce. The sap required to be filtered and heat-treated before being applied to a wooden core with a brush. The limited duration of seasonal humidity required for each layer to dry, before repeated applications could build sufficient thickness for the design to be carved, meant that each vessel could take several years to complete. During the Yongle reign a lacquer workshop, known as the Orchard Factory, Guoyuan chang, was established in Beijing and continued to operate until 1436. Headed by the master carvers Zhang Degang, the son of the famous lacquer carver Zhang Cheng, and Bao Liang, and staffed with the most skilled lacquer craftsmen from Yunnan and Sichuan, this workshop produced luxurious lacquer ware for the imperial court, Craig Clunas, Jessica Harrison-Hall, Ming. 50 Years that Changed China, British Museum, London, 2014, p. 101.
Oval dishes with Yongle incised marks and of the period and very rare, although two related examples are known: the first, carved with a group of scholars playing chess, in the Institute of Eastern Lacquerware, Tokyo, is illustrated in Zhongguo meishu fenlei quanji. Zhongguo qiqi quanji [The complete collection of Chinese lacquerware], vol. 5, Fuzhou, 1995, pl. 21; and the second, with a Xuande reign mark superimposed on a Yongle mark, from the collection of Sir Harry and Lady Garner, was included in the exhibition Chinese and Associated Lacquer from the Garner Collection, British Museum, London, 1973, cat. no. 43. See also an oval dish, also with a Xuande mark over a Yongle mark and with the design in a lobed cartouche, in the Tokyo National Museum, included in the museum’s exhibition Oriental Lacquer Arts, Tokyo, 1977, cat. no. 501.
本盘出自一组极其珍罕之刻永乐款剔红盘，结合十四世纪鲜明粗犷之风格以及明代细致雕刻艺术。本品雕工精湛细致，刻划两士赏石论道，姿态及面容轻松，侍从坐于亭间，双臂交叉，随时候命奉茶，背景则刻花卉，并以精细几何纹饰代表天、水及地面，映衬人物及其动作。
此类盘费工耗时，制作成本高昂，故此需由宫廷御制。提取漆汁后，尚需过滤、加热，再须层层髹漆至木胎之上，每髹一层，需时日待干，而且每年适合之季候湿度有限， 反复无数，至相当厚度，方可始雕，故此每器均需经年制作。永乐年间， 宫廷于北京设果园厂，制作漆器，至1436年方止。果园厂由张德刚（其父为元代漆器名家张成）以及包亮监督，罗致云南及四川漆器能匠，为宫廷制作华丽漆器（Craig Clunas，Jessica Harrison-Hall, 《明：盛世皇朝50年》，大英博物馆，伦敦，2014年，页101）。
刻永乐款之永乐年椭圆盘甚为鲜见，唯可比较两例，其一刻划文士博弈，东方漆艺研究所藏，载于《中国美术分类全集·中国漆器全集》，卷5，福州，1995年，图版21；其二出自Sir Harry and Lady Garner伉俪收藏，该盘先刻永乐款，上覆宣德款，曾展于《Chinese and Associated Lacquer from the Garner Collection》，大英博物馆，伦敦，1973年，编号43。另见一葵式盘例，亦为宣德款覆盖永乐款，现存于东京国立博物馆，曾展于《东洋漆工艺》，东京，1977年，编号501。
拍品分类：工艺品杂项>漆器
拍卖会：2019年11月拍卖会
拍卖专场：重要中国艺术
预展时间：2019年11月4日-5日
预展地点：伦敦
